Adenoids
There are four areas of tissue at the back of the throat that are concerned with the development of defences against infection in early infancy. These are the right and left tonsils, the base of the tongue and the adenoids. The adenoids are ... [... more]
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Cold (common cold)
A cold is a contagious viral disease which infects the soft lining (mucous membrane) of the nose. There are more than 100 different viruses which can result in a cold. The characteristic symptom is a runny nose. Sneezing is caused by the ... [... more]
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Deviated nasal septum
The nasal septum is the structure which normally divides the nasal cavity into two halves. Although it is often a little crooked, this does not usually cause problems. However, sometimes the septum is so deformed that the air passage is blocked ... [... more]
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Inflammation of the middle ear (otitis media)
Inflammation of the middle ear is an infection caused by a germ (bacterium). It is very common among children. The middle ear is an air-filled hollow between the eardrum and the inner ear. The Eustachian tube - an air channel between the middle ... [... more]
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Otitis in the outer ear (otitis externa)
Usually, there is a combination of factors. It may be a mixture of fungal and bacterial infection on top of some trauma to the skin, or it may be associated with some other skin condition, such as eczema, in which the skin is more prone to infection. [... more]
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Tinnitus
Tinnitus is when you hear a sound that no one else can hear. Different people hear different things such as ringing, buzzing or more complex sounds. Tinnitus can vary in intensity and be constant or intermittent. In some cases it can be described ... [... more]
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Earache
Earache is mainly due to problems in either the outer ear (from the earlobe to the eardrum) or the middle ear (behind the eardrum). In some cases, problems in the throat or the mouth, such as tonsillitis, can also cause earache. Try sleeping with ... [... more]
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Ménière's disease
The disease is named after a French doctor - Prosper Ménière - who described the condition as being characterised by sudden attacks of dizziness, nausea, vomiting, loss of hearing and a buzzing in the ears (tinnitus). Ménière' [... more]
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Nasal polyps
The 'paranasal sinuses' are the air cavities within the skull that open into the nose. If the soft tissue lining of the sinuses becomes swollen, it fills the available space and can then expand into the nose forming a growth called a polyp. As ... [... more]
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Snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)
Snoring is noise produced from the soft palate and other parts of the upper respiratory tract. It is most common in men, especially older, middle-aged and obese men. Snoring can be very annoying for a partner who is kept awake by the noise. ... [... more]
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Sinusitis
The paranasal sinuses are the air-filled spaces in the bones of the skull that open into the nose. One pair lies in the cheeks and another in the forehead. There are also a variable number of sinuses between the eyes and the nose. Sinusitis is ... [... more]
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Sore throat
A sore throat (also known as pharyngitis or tonsillitis) is a disease primarily located in the area around the tonsils. It can be caused by both a virus and a bacteria. A sore throat is partly a disease in itself and partly an effect of other ... [... more]
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