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Women's Health Issues
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Testing for HIV
Up To Date — INTRODUCTION - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is used to determine if a person is infected with HIV. Most individuals who are at the highest risk for HIV have not been tested, usually because they do not realize that they are at risk. ...More…
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Smoking cessation
Up To Date — INTRODUCTION - Cigarette smoking is a major cause of disease in the United States. More than 400,000 deaths occur each year as a result of cigarette smoking [1]. In addition, exposure to second-hand smoke is estimated to cause 40,000 deaths each ...More…
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Pubic lice (Phthirus pubis)
Up To Date — This topic reviews the diagnosis and treatment of public lice. Head lice are discussed separately. (See "Patient information: Head lice (Pediculosis capitis)"). DESCRIPTION - The pubic or crab louse is small (2 to 3 millimeters, or 0.08 to 0.12 ...More…
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Hair loss in men and women (androgenetic alopecia)
Up To Date — INTRODUCTION - A number of conditions can affect the hair follicle and cause hair loss, also known as alopecia. The most common type of hair loss, affecting 30 to 40 percent of men and women, is an inherited condition called androgenetic ...More…
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Alopecia areata
Up To Date — INTRODUCTION - Alopecia areata is a skin condition that causes the sudden loss of patches of hair on the scalp and sometimes other parts of the body. It is nonscarring, which means that there is no permanent damage to the hair follicle. In most ...More…
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Risks and benefits of alcohol
Up To Date — For many reasons, this is a question without simple or clear-cut answers. Humans have used alcohol safely and enjoyably for thousands of years, and it continues to occupy an important place in many religious ceremonies and social celebrations. In ...More…
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Gynecomastia (breast enlargement in men)
Up To Date — INTRODUCTION - Gynecomastia is a condition in which the breasts become enlarged in boys or men, sometimes causing discomfort or nipple tenderness. It is usually the result of a hormonal imbalance and typically occurs during infancy, adolescence, ...More…
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Pubic lice (Phthirus pubis)
Up To Date — This topic reviews the diagnosis and treatment of public lice. Head lice are discussed separately. (See "Patient information: Head lice (Pediculosis capitis)"). DESCRIPTION - The pubic or crab louse is small (2 to 3 millimeters, or 0.08 to 0.12 ...More…
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Up To Date — INTRODUCTION - Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a condition that occurs when the prostate enlarges, potentially slowing or blocking the urine stream. Other names for benign prostatic hyperplasia include benign prostatic hypertrophy, an enlarged ...More…
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Genital herpes
Up To Date — WHAT IS GENITAL HERPES? - Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is estimated that at least one in five adults in the United States is infected with the virus, but many people have ...More…